江蘇省城鎮變遷及“畫意”鄉村建構研究

摘要：鄉村審美是對于人居環境以文化寓意的理解，其深層折射的是人與自然的本質關系。一個地區景觀審美理念變遷深刻顯示出人地關系結構的發展軌跡。現代中國生態文明建設聯系著景觀審美，深層本質是永久可持續發展問題。中國山水畫對于探索鄉村景觀審美經驗是重要途徑。中國古代鄉村傳統審美風格是素雅淡泊，具有詩意的優雅，追求在地老天荒的歲月里人地永遠和諧的內涵。這種審美空間有三個疊加層次：“生境、畫境、意境”，山水畫空間“意境”是鄉村審美空間再生產與景觀意義延伸，對于現代城鎮發展有重要的研究參照價值。江蘇省村鎮具有4千年的歷史傳統以及深厚的人地關系文化積淀。太湖流域水網密布，連續多個鄉村有“小橋流水人家”清新素雅美學風格，是著名的文化景觀遺產。蘇北黃淮地區、蘇中大運河地段也有類似的成片鄉村群體景觀。探索“畫意”鄉村景觀營造具有重要的現實意義。

關鍵詞：傳統鄉村；山水畫；審美空間； 景觀格局；人地關系

A study on historical changes of towns and the construction of "picturesque" countryside in Jiangsu Province

Abstract: Rural aesthetics is an understanding of the cultural implication of human settlements, which reflects the essential relationship between man and nature.The change of aesthetic concept of landscape in a region shows the development track of relationship structure of human and land. The construction of modern Chinese ecological civilization is connected with landscape aesthetics, and its deep essence is the permanent sustainable development. Chinese landscape painting is an important way to explore the aesthetic experience of rural landscape.The traditional aesthetic style of ancient Chinese countryside is simple and elegant, poetic and elegant, and pursues the connotation of eternal harmony between man and land in the age of the earth. This kind of aesthetic space has three overlapping levels: "habitat, painting environment and artistic conception". The artistic conception of landscape painting space is the reproduction of rural aesthetic space and the extension of landscape significance, which has important research reference value for the development of modern cities and towns.Villages and towns in Jiangsu Province have 4000 years of historical tradition and profound cultural accumulation of the relationship of man and land . Taihu Lake Basin is a famous cultural landscape heritage with a dense water system and a series of villages with a fresh and elegant aesthetic style of "small bridges and flowing water houses". There are similar rural group landscapes in Huanghuai area of Northern Jiangsu and the Grand Canal area of Central Jiangsu. It is of great practical significance to explore the construction of "picturesque" rural landscape.

Key words: traditional village; landscape painting; aesthetic space; landscape pattern; human land relationship